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Scottish Gaelic, sometimes also referred to as Gaelic ( ), is a Celtic language native to Scotland. A member of the Goidelic branch of the Celtic languages, Scottish Gaelic, like Modern Irish and Manx, developed out of Middle Irish, and thus is ultimately descended from Old Irish. The 2011 census of Scotland showed that a total of 57,375 people (1.1% of the Scottish population aged over three years old) in Scotland could speak Gaelic at that time, with the Outer Hebrides being the main stronghold of the language. The census results indicate a decline of 1,275 Gaelic speakers from 2001. A total of 87,056 people in 2011 reported having some facility with Gaelic compared to 93,282 people in 2001, a decline of 6,226.〔〔(Scotland's Census Results Online (SCROL) ), Table UV12. Viewed 30 May 2014.〕 Despite this decline, revival efforts exist and the number of speakers of the language under age 20 has increased.〔Scottish Government, ("A’ fàs le Gàidhlig" ), 26 September 2013. Viewed 30 May 2014.〕 Scottish Gaelic is not an official language of the European Union or the United Kingdom. However, it is classed as an Indigenous language under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, which the British government has ratified,〔(List of declarations made with respect to treaty No. 148 ) from the Council of Europe.〕 and the Gaelic Language (Scotland) Act 2005 established a language development body, ''Bòrd na Gàidhlig'', "with a view to securing the status of the Gaelic language as an official language of Scotland''. Outside Scotland, a dialect known as Canadian Gaelic is spoken in parts of Atlantic Canada. In terms of the total number of speakers in the 2011 census, there were 7,195 total speakers of "Gaelic languages" in Canada, with 1,365 in Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island where the responses mainly refer to Scottish Gaelic.〔(Statistics Canada, 2011 NHS Survey )〕 About 2,320 Canadians in 2011 also claimed Gaelic languages as their "mother tongue", with over 300 in Nova Scotia (mostly in Cape Breton, Antigonish and Pictou) and Prince Edward Island.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/tbt-tt/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=103251&PRID=0&PTYPE=101955&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2011&THEME=90&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= )〕 ==Nomenclature== Aside from "Scottish Gaelic", the language may also be referred to simply as "Gaelic". In Scotland, the word "Gaelic" in reference to Scottish Gaelic specifically is pronounced , while outside Scotland it is often pronounced . Outside Ireland and Great Britain, "Gaelic" may refer to the Irish language. Scottish Gaelic should not be confused with Scots, the Middle English-derived language varieties which had come to be spoken in most of the Lowlands of Scotland by the early modern era. Prior to the 15th century, these dialects were known as ''Inglis'' ("English") by its own speakers, with Gaelic being called ''Scottis'' ("Scottish"). From the late 15th century, however, it became increasingly common for such speakers to refer to Scottish Gaelic as ''Erse'' ("Irish") and the Lowland vernacular as ''Scottis''.〔''Companion to the Oxford English Dictionary'', Tom McArthur, Oxford University Press, 1994〕 Today, Scottish Gaelic is recognised as a separate language from Irish, so the word ''Erse'' in reference to Scottish Gaelic is no longer used. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Scottish Gaelic」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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